Himmatnagar Hospital in Gujarat witnessed a tragic development on Monday with six reported deaths attributed to the Chandipura vesiculovirus (CHPV), commonly known as the Chandipura virus. Among the victims were two children undergoing treatment for CHPV, succumbing to the viral infection that causes encephalitis—an inflammation of the brain tissues, as reported by PTI.
Chief District Health Officer of Aravalli, MA Siddiqui, addressed the urgent need for preventive measures, stating, “50 teams have been mobilized for widespread dusting. I urge farmers to use insecticides and pesticides to combat mosquitoes. Children should wear full-sleeved clothing to avoid mosquito bites.”
The Chandipura virus, classified as one of the priority diseases by the World Health Organization in 2017, first emerged in Nagpur, India, in 1965. Researchers Pravin N Bhatt and FM Rodrigues identified it as an arbovirus transmitted by arthropod vectors, causing fever and lethal effects in infants and adult mice.
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Symptoms of the Chandipura virus include sudden onset of high fever, seizures, diarrhea, vomiting, and reduced consciousness, often leading to death within 48-72 hours. Encephalitis, characterized by brain tissue inflammation, is cited as the primary cause of death.
Scientists A.B. Sudeep, Y.K. Gurav, and V.P. Bondre categorized the virus under the Vesiculovirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family, noting its bullet-shaped structure. Outbreaks in 2003-04 resulted in significant child mortality in Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat, with fatality rates ranging from 56% to 75%.
Apart from India, Chandipura virus outbreaks have been documented in Nigeria, Senegal, and Sri Lanka, transmitted primarily by sandflies and mosquitoes.
There is currently no specific antiviral treatment for Chandipura virus infections. Medical intervention focuses on supportive care to alleviate symptoms and prevent neurological complications.
Health authorities in Gujarat, led by Minister Rushikesh Patel, assured the public that the situation is under control but urged vigilance and prompt medical attention for anyone exhibiting symptoms associated with the virus.