A third case of Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) has been confirmed in India, with the latest detection in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. This follows two cases recently reported in Karnataka. The Gujarat case involves a two-year-old child from the Chandkheda area of Ahmedabad, who is currently receiving treatment at a private hospital.
What is HMPV?
HMPV, or Human Metapneumovirus, is a virus that primarily causes respiratory infections, particularly in children, older adults, and individuals with weakened immune systems. The virus often mimics other respiratory infections like the flu or bronchitis, leading to symptoms such as:
- Cough
- Nasal congestion
- Difficulty breathing
- Fever
The virus is known to spread through respiratory droplets, close contact, or contaminated surfaces.
Recent Cases in India
In addition to the Ahmedabad case, Karnataka reported two HMPV cases:
- A three-month-old infant with bronchopneumonia, now discharged from a Bengaluru hospital.
- An eight-month-old infant who tested positive on January 3 and is currently recovering.
Neither of these cases involved international travel, confirming that HMPV is already circulating within India, in line with global patterns.
Advisory Issued by Gujarat Health Department
To curb the spread of HMPV and other respiratory infections, the Gujarat Health Department has outlined “Do’s and Don’ts” for the public:
Do’s:
- Cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief or tissue when sneezing or coughing.
- Wash hands frequently with soap and water.
- Avoid crowded places and maintain distance from individuals showing flu-like symptoms.
- Refrain from visiting public areas if you have fever, cough, or sneezing.
- Stay hydrated and consume a nutritious diet to boost immunity.
- Ensure adequate sleep to enhance resistance against infections.
- Opt for well-ventilated environments to minimize disease spread.
Don’ts:
- Avoid touching your eyes, nose, or mouth unnecessarily.
- Do not share personal items (e.g., towels, utensils) with an infected person.
- Avoid self-medication and seek professional medical advice if symptoms persist or worsen.
Government Monitoring and Preparedness
The Union Health Ministry has assured the public that India is well-equipped to manage HMPV and other respiratory illnesses. Surveillance systems under the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) have not observed any unusual surge in Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) or Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI) cases.
The World Health Organization (WHO) continues to provide updates on respiratory illness trends globally, including in China, where cases have recently surged. A Joint Monitoring Group (JMG) chaired by the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) is actively assessing the situation in India.